Nontarget effects of biological control agents
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Indirect nontarget eVects of host-speciWc biological control agents: Implications for biological control
Classical biological control of weeds currently operates under the assumption that biological control agents are safe (i.e., low risk) if they do not directly attack nontarget species. However, recent studies indicate that even highly host-speciWc biological control agents can impact nontarget species through indirect eVects. This Wnding has profound implications for biological control. To bett...
متن کاملEffects of Biological Warfare Agents
INTRODUCTION. The information herein has been compiled from official publications of the Department of the Army, Office 0f Civil and Defense Mobilization, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and from other sources. No classified material is included. This is not a substitute for the technical details in other official and more voluminous publications, but has been prepared as a guide t...
متن کاملNontarget effects--the Achilles' heel of biological control? Retrospective analyses to reduce risk associated with biocontrol introductions.
Controversy exists over ecological risks in classical biological control. We reviewed 10 projects with quantitative data on nontarget effects. Ten patterns emerged: (a) Relatives of the pest are most likely to be attacked; (b) host-specificity testing defines physiological host range, but not ecological range; (c) prediction of ecological consequences requires population data; (d) level of impa...
متن کاملEffects of Intraguild Predation and Interspecific Competititon among Biological Control Agents in Augmentative Biological Control in Greenhouses
Two natural enemy species are frequently released simultaneously to control one pest species in augmentative biological control in greenhouses. Intraguild predation (IGP) and interspecific competition between natural enemies might affect the biological control. IGP occurs between two parasitoids, between one parasitoid and one predator, and between two predators. Although unidirectional IGP has...
متن کاملA review on combined biological effects of microwave and other physical or chemical agents
With the development of science and technology, microwave has been used in many fields such as industry, military, medicine and communication. People are living in a lapped and dynamic electromagnetic environment. Concerns about potential hazards of microwave are getting increasing attentions. The single biological effects of microwave were widely discussed which was considered harmful. Relevan...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: New Phytologist
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0028-646X,1469-8137
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01149.x